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The paper attacks a fifty‐years‐old paradox, which has claimed that “information” (as the term is understood by Communication Engineers) cannot have any moral or economic value. We shall show by a Monte Carlo simulated oil‐exploration study how this paradox disappears in the Islamic Interactive, Integrative and Evolutionary (IIE) world model. In the IIE exploration model, information is used to lead to more profit, and (part of) the profit is utilized to gain information.

The lecture attacks a fifty‐year‐old paradigm which claims that “information” (as the term is understood by Communication Engineers) cannot have any moral or economic value. We shall show by a Monte Carlo simulated oil‐exploration study how this paradox disappears in the Islamic Interactive, Integrative and Evolutionary (IIE) world model. In the IIE exploration model, information is used to lead to more profit, and (part of) the profit is utilised to gain information.

The scientific research program of a knowledge‐centered systems‐oriented approach to socio‐scientific conceptualization is invoked here to develop a broader concept of human sustainability. Knowledge‐induced fields are shown to arise from the process‐oriented methodology of an interactive, integrative and evolutionary (IIE) worldview of continuous learning. Such a process is found to give rise to a unique theory of generalized systems with a universal paradigm and application that are premised on the epistemology of unity of knowledge. We discuss the validity of this model for human development as objectified by the concept of a well‐being criterion function with extensive complementarity among the variables and relations embedded in this criterion. The underlying epistemology of unity of knowledge and a unified worldview is thus shown to yield a substantively new concept of human sustainability, particularly relating to issues and curriculum design in higher education and their socio‐scientific implications.

Pervasive complementarity among agents, variables and their relations is a strong manifestation of unity in the real world. It is explained in various ways within scientific systems and in alternative ways of viewing resource allocation from that in neoclassical economic theory and its various prototypes. Complementarity among goods, services and factors in neoclassical resource allocation is simply a localized phenomenon. Despite this, bundles of similar goods collect together to re‐establish marginal substitution with other bundles. In systems science, the cessation of complementarity among variables causes the demise of process. Indeed, the most significant influence of economic complementarity is to be found in decision‐making systems. Here strongly interactive ethical principles showing pervasive and strong complementarity reveal themselves. Hence a knowledge‐induced scientific methodology emerges. Yet these scientific dynamic methods that are merely premised on time‐phase, are found to be inadequate in explaining pervasive interactions. Instead, simulation methods reveal important and interesting results premised on the epistemological premise of systemic unity and interactions. We will examine these questions in this paper with respect to the optimal control problem of the calculus of variations, and for multi‐objective decision problems.